Ahl al-bayt in the Sunnite and Shiite literature in Malaysia

Abstract

This research reviews the criteria of ahl al-bayt in the Qur’an and Hadith using a framework composed of four terms: definition, identification, attributes and merits. It also comparatively examines the Sunnite and Shiite criteria of ahl al-bayt in the Malaysian literature following the same terms. Data collection included those from books, articles, journals, newspapers and websites. From the Qur’an and Hadith, it is found that biological indicator and marital bonds are not the main criteria to be an ahl al-bayt. The other possible criterion promotes piety as tantamount to a pre-requisite. However, it is generally undermined by a more popular consanguine type of ahl al-bayt adopted by the majority of Sunnite and Shiite factions alike. While the understanding of the Sunnite following this line of arguments is relatively diverse, the Shiite is coherent. Among the Malay Sunnite ahl al-bayt whose strong view is based on genetic definition of popular understanding, there exists a tendency to resurrect the elevated statuses of the long-lost celebrated “royal Malay-ahl al-bayt” dignity. This trend includes acknowledgment of the most rightful model of born ahl al-bayt scholars for the Muslims to follow. As far as the banned Malaysian Shiite minority is concerned, they follow the faction’s universal obligatory agenda of restoring allegiance to the caliphate of ahl al-bayt. Since ahl al-bayt is revered in both Sunnite and Shiite traditions, opening minds to yet another possible appreciation of the theme is hoped to prevent it from falling prey to severe manipulations.