مدى شرعية التأذين والإقامة في آذان المولود دراسة حديثية نقدية

Abstract

This research focuses on the issue of calling aḍhan and iqamah in the ears of a newly born baby. The study is aimed to probe the legal validity and authenticity of this ritual. The significance of this act is vital as it is the first act which is generally practised on newly born babies by the majority of Muslims as an Islamic ritual with utmost sanctification. It is seen as an established Islamic tradition for both male and female babies upon their birth. The methodology used was extended to three phases: inductive, critical and analytical. Preliminary method revolved around the thorough scrutiny of all traditions of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) and narratives of his Companions on the subject. These are collected, referenced and examined by applying the method of takhrij and studied according to the pattern of hadih studies. The second phase involved the evaluation of available traditions and critical appreciation of their chain (sanad) and text (matan) according to the science of hadih. It is made by issuing the final verdict on their authenticity in keeping with the rules of verification of hadih. The third stage was focussed on the academic analysis of the viewpoints of Islamic scholars and hadih experts on the issue which was based on the narratives of the subject. The researcher applied the method of takhrij in searching for the traditions of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) and the narratives of his Companions on the issue and studied them in terms of their ascription (chain of narration/sanad) by stating the validity and status of those chains of narratives. The study has also taken into consideration the multifarious opinions of modern and ancient Islamic scholars and jurists on the issue. The reasons for differences of opinions have been elaborated with the discussion of different viewpoints and their evidence. The researcher reached the conclusion that calling aḍhan and iqamah in the ears of a newly born baby is an inadmissible act as the evidence does not substantiate its legitimacy from the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) according to the absolute and research based opinion; consequently, it is to be avoided.