Prevalence of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women in Melaka and 10 years` risk of developing fragility fracture

Abstract

This is a cross-sectional study spanning over two-year (June 2015 until June 2017) period investigating post-menopausal women who did their Bone Mass Density (BMD) test at Hospital Melaka. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis among post-menopausal women, FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) calculation to predict the average risk of fragility fracture in 10 years and relation of osteoporosis with ethnicity. 388 post-menopausal women age 45 to 90 years old were selected and all their BMD data and parameters were analyzed and used in FRAX calculation. The prevalence of osteoporosis among post-menopausal women in Melaka is 29.9%. More than half of patients had osteoporosis were Chinese (51%) followed by Malay (43%), Indian (5%) and Others (1%). The 10 years` average percentage of developing major osteoporosis is 10.81 ± 9.55 % while the average percentage of developing hip fracture is 4.20 ± 6.53 %. We conclude that the prevalence of the post-menopausal women who are osteoporotic is about 30% which is comparable to other countries (Japan, Egypt, Australia, Mexico, Argentina, and India). The 10 years` average percentage of developing major osteoporosis and hip fracture in our study is quite high with approximated around 20% and 10% respectively. We also found that Chinese ethnicity is having a higher percentage to get osteoporosis and 10 years` risk of developing fragility fracture.