مفهوم التعصب المذهبي وأثره في الفتوى : دراسة تقويمية فقهية

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of mazhab fanaticism on the issuance of Fatwa by reflecting on numerous cases of mazhab fanaticism among Muslims in the past and present, particularly in the areas of worship and marriage. This characteristic plays a vital role and influences the creation of Fatwas, which frequently incline and lead to divisiveness among mazhab followers due to disapproval and extreme behaviour by each follower. Due to that, the need to comprehend the background of "mazhab fanaticism," factors of the emergence, and provide a solution based on Shariah's perspective towards these issues is crucial to prevent Muslims from engaging in such extremist behaviour. This study conducted inductive, analytical, and comparative approaches to analyze and examine these issues to achieve these objectives. As a result, the findings showed that fanaticism behaviour is neither new nor came from Islamic history. This research determined that the emergence began when Allah S.W.T. instructed the angel to be submissive to Prophet Adam A.S., which Satan' Iblis' resisted. Because of his intolerance, Iblis was haughty and defied Allah's demand to prostrate, claiming he had been made better than Adam.Moreover, the result displays that factors of this fanaticism are closely linked to personality or the social surrounding, such as poor education or a negative influence on the custom. According to Allah's will, "mazhab fanaticism" can be cured as every sickness has a treatment. Hence, the author suggested that fanatics of the mazhab should expand their Islamic knowledge and foster a praiseworthy character, as it forbade them to speak about topics beyond their capabilities and tolerate differing viewpoints from others as differences among Muslim academics do not necessitate condemnation and reviling.