أساليب المعاملة الوالدية كما يدركها طلبة الصف الحادي عشر بمحافظة شمال الباطنة في سلطنة عمان وعلاقتها بدافع الإنجاز وتوافقهم المدرسي

Abstract

This study aimed to identify patterns of parental treatment as perceived by 11th grade students in North Batina, Sultanate of Oman and its relationship with the students’ achievement motivation and school adaptation. The study was intended to examine the parental attitudes in helping the children achieve psychological and academic balance that will eventually brings about academic excellence. The research objectives were executed by exploring the prevailing patterns of parental treatment, patterns of achievement motivation, patterns of school adaptation. A step further was taken to ascertain whether there was significant relationship between parental treatments and students’ achievement motivation and students’ school adaptation. Another step beyond was taken to identify predictors of students’ academic achievement by considering independent variables namely; parental treatments, students’ school adaptation and gender. The study employed descriptive and inferential statistic analysis. The simple random sampling procedure identified 298 males and 288 female students from all the 6 Wilayats in North Batina governorate. To answer the research questions, three scales have been developed to measure i) patterns of parental treatment (47 items), ii) achievement motivation (35 items) and iii) students’ school adaptation (30 items). To address the first, second and third research questions, descriptive statistics using means and standard deviations (SD) were used to serve this purpose. The fourth research question employed Pearson's Correlation Coefficient which was used to ascertain the strength of relationship between patterns of parental treatment and students’ achievement motivation and as well as students’ school’s adaptation. Multiple Regression Analysis was used to identify predictors of students’ academic achievement by considering patterns of parental treatment, students’ school adaptation and students’ gender. The findings showed that “dominance pattern” of parenting styles and “natural pattern” of parenting style were found among all the respondents of this study. For the non-natural parenting style, the mean scores and standard deviation were found low for all members of the study sample. As for students’ achievement motivation and school adaptation, the mean scores and standard deviations were almost the same. For the students’ school adaptation scale, the means were beyond the midpoint (students were well adapted). A statistically significant relationship was found between parental treatment attitude scores and measures of students’ motivation of achievement at p< 0.01. Additionally, the study found that “democratic parenting” patterns proved as the most acceptable way of raising children and that affect the students’ achievement motivation and as well as their school adaptation, significant at p< 0.01. The multiple regression analysis indicated that parental treatment patterns and students’ school adaptation predicted students’ achievement motivation significantly at p<0.05).On the contrary, students’ gender did not predict their achievement motivation. Findings from this study implicate school management and parenting styles in Oman. Future research may focus on bigger scale study which may include more independent variables that predict students’ achievement motivation