موقف الإسلام من عقيدة الثالوث في الديانات الوثنية والنصرانية : دراسة تحليلية مقارنة

Abstract

This is a comparative analytical study in which the researcher has attempted to deal with a topic that constitutes the chief and essence of Christian beliefs, namely the doctrine of the Trinity. The researcher has first touched upon the concept of Trinity in its general sense and in connection with the ancient pagan religions in which respect he has chosen from the types of pagan trinity what he thinks is likely to be the most influential on the Christian religion, such as the Babylonian, Egyptian, Persian and Greek types of trinity. Then, the study turns to the Christian trinity, its origin, philosophy and evidence for it from the Christian perspective. In this connection, an exposition has been made on the Christian councils and their importance in the Christian religion, limiting itself to their role in the demarcation of the doctrine of Trinity. Following this, the study deals with the four canonical Gospels and the effect their translation has had on the Christian doctrines in general and on the doctrine of Trinity in particular. The researcher also discusses the features of the idea of incarnation and union in the doctrine of Trinity, and the conflict that takes place in applying these two concepts to the belief of the divine nature of Christ - peace be upon him - and the appropriate description of his virgin mother Mary. The study also addresses the issue of the sources of reception, Paul’s way of preaching and the detrimental effect it has had on Christianity. Moreover, the researcher expounds on the terms Nazarene and Christianity and the difference between them, as well as the most prominent contemporary Christian denominations and doctrines and groups believing in the doctrine of Trinity. Then, in its comparative aspect, the research deals with the true essence of the similarity between pagan trinity and Christian trinity, and brings to the fore the Islamic view of Jesus - peace be upon him - and the concept of the Holy Spirit. Finally, the researcher discusses the Christian belief in the Virgin Mary together with the Islamic position on it, thus showing the weakness and failure of the doctrine of the Trinity in guiding the Christian conscience. The study then concludes with a set of findings and recommendations.