Performance evaluation of music and esprit algorithms in estimating direction of arrival for linear array

Abstract

Smart antenna refers to any type of antenna arrays combined with signal processor components which can adjust its own beam pattern in order to emphasize on the signal of interest and minimizing the interference signal. The accurate estimation of direction of interest which is also known as Direction of Arrival (DOA) of the incident signals is very significant to produce beam from antenna. There are several algorithms those have the ability in calculating the DOA of the incidents signals. In this thesis an Adaptive antenna is applied by using the most frequent used algorithm, Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) and Estimation of signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique (ESPRIT) to obtain the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of any incident signals. Both algorithms have been implemented in Matlab 7.0 and a program was developed to investigate the effect of varying the number of samples and number of elements used in the algorithms with the existence of noise. The exact number of samples and elements used is the most important parameter in both algorithms in order to sustain the accuracy of the direction of arrival of the incident signals. The optimization was done by running the program in cellular mobile environments. The results show that the optimized number of elements is at 15 for MUSIC and 20 for ESPRIT. As for the number of sample used adequate to support the algorithm is 100 and more than 500 for MUSIC and ESPRIT respectively. The algorithm was tested for both noisy and Rayleigh Fading environment and found that it is capable to estimate the direction of arrival of the incident signals accurately with optimized number of elements and samples.