A study acceptance of QR code mobile payment system in Pakistan using extended UTAUT model

Abstract

In the recent times advancement of technology has given an edge towards the real time processing of data and information. The widespread use of smartphones in business development has transformed the way we make payments for our purchases, eventually leading into a cashless society. Smartphones are primarily used as the communication devices, entertainment tool, gadgets for internet access, and now most commonly as a method for payment. People have started making payment for purchase of goods and service using mobile based Quick Response (QR) code technology. QR code Mobile Payment system (MPS) acceptance tendency in developing country such as Pakistan is at slow pace comparing to other developing countries where people are using smartphones as a wallet. The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify the significant factors that affect consumer‘s behavioural intention to use QR code MPS. This study proposed a model to measure the behavioural intention to use QR code MPS in Pakistan. In this study, constructs such as Performance Expectancy (PE), Personal Innovativeness in Information Technology (PIIT), Effort Expectancy (EE), Habit (HA), Social Influence (SI), Compatibility (CO), Facilitating Conditions (FC), Hedonic Motivation (HM), Risk (RK), and Trust (TR) are measured. The hypothetical relationships were examined through Structural Equation Modelling using Smart-Partial Least Squares software. Quantitative methodology is used to investigate the correlational paths between constructs. Using a cluster sampling approach, a total of 401 responses were collected from users. Research findings show that 12 out of 13 hypotheses were found to be statistically significant, only one as insignificant. The findings revealed that 53% variance in behavioural intention (BI) is explained by PE, PIIT, EE, HA, SI, CO, FC, TR, RK and TR. Similarly, 23.2% variance in use behaviour (UB) is explained by HA, FC and BI. Furthermore, this study expands the use of Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) in Information System research, extends and validates the UTAUT2 model within the QR code MPS context. Moreover, the findings of this research are valued to the stakeholders interested in developing and implementing QR code MPS. Potential stakeholders would benefit from an improved and revised understanding of these aspects. The identification of important factors influencing QR code MPS in this study will assist them to develop and implement their system to ensure the full acceptance and use of the QR code MPS particularly in Pakistan.