Muhammad Hamidullah’s contributions to the development of Islamic thought, with special reference to interfaith relationships

Abstract

Interfaith relationships, broadly speaking, refer to interactions and relationships between individuals or communities from different religious backgrounds. These relationships are shaped by various factors, including cultural norms, family expectations, societal pressures, and the willingness to respect and understand differing religious beliefs and practices. In the context of Islam, interfaith dialogue seeks to promote mutual understanding and cooperation, addressing both shared values and differences in order to foster peaceful coexistence. This study focuses on the life and contributions of Muhammad Hamidullah, an influential scholar in contemporary Islamic thought, particularly in interfaith relations. Hamidullah emphasised the importance of interfaith dialogue, arguing that mutual respect and understanding between Muslims, Christians, and Jews—based on their shared Abrahamic heritage—are vital for peaceful societal coexistence. His work in this area is essential in understanding how Islamic thought can contribute to broader interfaith initiatives. He adopted innovative methods in education and da’wah (Islamic outreach), stressing the role of knowledge in strengthening faith, especially among converts. His scholarly contributions, including discovering, editing, and translating important Islamic manuscripts, further deepen Islam's accessibility to diverse audiences. This study analyses Hamidullah's unique approach to interfaith relations and his contributions to Islamic thought, mainly through his interpretations of Qur'anic verses related to the Ahl-al-Kitāb (Jews and Christians). His work highlights the common moral and spiritual values that link these religions, and he argues that acknowledging these shared principles can create a foundation for dialogue and cooperation. This study also examines Hamidullah's interactions with Orientalists and his ability to respond to critiques using their research methods, which earned him great respect in academic circles. The methodology of this study is qualitative, employing content analysis to explore Hamidullah's key writings on interfaith relationships, Islamic thought, and societal cohesion. The findings reveal that Hamidullah’s insights into interfaith dialogue emphasise the importance of understanding others' religious and cultural contexts and promoting a world built on peace, tolerance, and mutual respect. His legacy inspires efforts to bridge the gap between Eastern and Western civilisations, mainly through education and scholarly engagements. In conclusion, this study affirms Muhammad Hamidullah's significant role in fostering interfaith dialogue. It highlights the ongoing relevance of his work in contemporary efforts to build a more harmonious and respectful world. The findings offer a foundation for further research into how Islamic scholarship can contribute to global interfaith cooperation and understanding.