الإمام ابن عاشور ومنهج تعامله مع الأحاديث في تفسيره "التحرير والتنوير" : دراسة نقدية تحليلية

Abstract

This research emphasizes on the methodology of al-Imam Ibn cAshur in communicating with the prophetic traditions (ahadith) in al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. This research is based on the analytical study and critical approach. The analytical study is focused on three main points. Firstly, the biography of Ibn cAshur and an introduction to his book al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. Secondly, the explanation of Ibn cAshur's stand on the most important discussions of Sunnah: Hujjiyyat al-Sunnah, Istiqlaliyyat al-Sunnah fi al-Tashric, Tawdih al-Sunnah li al-Qur'an, al-Ishkal fi al-Hadith and his stand regarding al-Ahadith al-Mutacaridah wa al-Mutawafiqah. Thirdly, the explanation of Ibn cAshur's methodology in communicating with the most important discussions of Hadith; al-Istidlal, al-Takhrij, al-Hukm cala al-Hadith and Sharh al-Hadith. As for the critical approach, this research undergoes the practical side of al-Takhrij by verifiying the prophetic traditions (ahadith) in al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir in order to reclaim its sources and its authenticity. In conclusion, some important facts are found. First, the book of al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir includes both Tafsir bi al-Ma'thur and Tafsir bi al-Ra'y. Second, Ibn cAshur was an Ashcariyy in faith and a Malikiyy in fiqh, but he still upheld the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. and was humble in discussions and debates. Third, Ibn cAshur some times verified the prophetic traditions (ahadith) that he had in his book al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir. This noble action is especially rare in most of the current books of Tafsir. Finally, the book of al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir, like any other books, contains some non-acceptable prophetic traditions (ahadith) but they are small in number compared to the large volumes of prophetic traditions (ahadith). This fact does give its readers and researcher a sense of relief.