المنظمات النسوية وأثرها في قضايا المرأة الفقهية في كردستان العراق : دراسة تقييمية

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examined the reality of feminist organizations in the Kurdistan region and their activities related to Islamic jurisprudence. It also explained their criticisms of Islamic jurisprudence to determine the extent of their validity and the implications of their demands in the Kurdistan region. The study achieves this by exploring the history of the emergence of this movement in the West, uncovering the underlying approaches and adopting philosophies as a cornerstone for criticizing jurisprudential rulings. The nature of the study required the adoption of inductive, analytical, comparative, and field approaches. These approaches were employed to trace and elucidate the factors that led to these organization's emergence, to identify their trends, and to demonstrate the intellectual philosophies they adopted. This aimed to understand the reality of the Kurdistan region and the status of women within it, and subsequently to assess and analyze the demands of these organizations from a jurisprudential perspective. This approach sought to directly take their opinions without intermediaries and biases, as required by the principles of fairness and impartiality. The study sample included a variety of feminist organizations and movements, both secular and Islamic. The results showed that the criticisms directed at Islamic jurisprudence stem from a lack of thorough understanding of this science. According to interviews conducted by the researcher, many female activists demonstrated limited knowledge of jurisprudential rulings. Therefore, most of their criticism comes from a superficial reading of books and magazines available to them. Thus, this study revealed that these women not only lack full knowledge and understanding of Islamic jurisprudence but also of feminist ideology and its dangers. Their defence of this movement stems from their ignorance of the ideas it adopted, and their criticisms of jurists are characterized by unfairness and lack of knowledge. It is impermissible to derive jurisprudential rulings with prior knowledge and expertise once the jurist possesses this knowledge. The study also revealed that these organizations have significantly influenced Kurdish society in general. Therefore, the study recommended the necessity of researching and investigating these organization's activities, due to the gravity and seriousness of the issues they focus on, and their consequential effects on society. Therefore, it is necessary to educate family members about the religious and national duties, and the need to inform the public opinion about the customs and traditions that have caused injustice against women.