الاحتكاك بين اللغتين العربية والكوردية : دراسة لغوية حاسوبية في مدونة "كتاب تحسين الدوسكي"

Abstract

The aim of the study is to highlight the linguistic interaction between Arabic and Kurdish language, as it exposes the features of this contact and the factors and results that generally ensued. The study focuses on the common impact between the two languages through uncovering the origins of the impact, its characteristics and factors. The researcher proceeds to find out about the aspects of influence of Arabic language on the Islamic discourse and classic Kurdish poetry via a linguistic computational research. The researcher carries the study with the assistance of some computational programs to narrow down the areas of influence in the corpus of “Kutub Tahsin al-Duski Fi al-Khitab al-Dini wa al-Shii’r al-Kurdi” –designed for the study- through induction and prospection in order to identify the degree of relationship between the two languages and later detect the extent of influence of Arabic on the Islamic discourse and Kurdish classic poetry ; notwithstanding, the two languages do not belong to the same family. To achieve that goal, the research adopts three approaches; through the descriptive method, the focus is on the interaction between the languages, particularly the Arabic and Kurdish languages, whereby the researcher described the textual records of both along with the issues they faced before addressing the research sample. Via the computational inductive method, the areas of influence are enumerated after which the research is analyzed through an analytical approach the areas of contact at the levels: phonological, morphological, structural and semantic; the researcher also analyses the figures and ratios in relation to the study. The findings of study are many, amongst which the result that the Kurdish language borrowed a lot of Arabic terms, commonly written as in the original language in classic poetry and Islamic discourse albeit the Arabic letters are not found in the Kurdish alphabet; another finding shows that the authors of Kurdish dictionaries neglected recording many commonly used Arabic terms by the Kurds but only mentioned the “kurdishized”; in addition, it is found that the Arabic linguistic field by neglecting the spoken dialects led to it being influenced by the Kurdish language in the common areas at many levels of the language. The final finding is the fact that Arabic faces numerous complex issues in computerization some of which are transferred to the Kurdish language as it uses the Arabic letters in one of its alphabets.