Browsing by Department "Islamic Revealed Knowledge - Department of Qur'an and Sunnah Studies"

This study deals with the intentional trend of Al-Nili and its impact on renewing the Quranic sciences issues and aims to criticize and review it, as Al-Nili claimed that he had a new theory of language that believes in the physical relationship between sound and meaning and that the best method for studying the Quran is the verbal method, which he started with by distinguishing between the language of the Quran and the Arabic language. He rejected the concepts of synonymy, metaphor, metonymy, simile, advancement, delay, deletion and estimation. He rejected the application of grammatical rules, the methods of the Arabs and their vocabulary, and the science of the principles of jurisprudence and its tools in understanding the Quranic text. He also denied the multiplicity of Quranic readings, rejected the authority of Tawatur's evidence in proving the Quran, and criticized the methods of interpretation. He aslo has a new reading of the Quranic miracle, the repetition of stories, the Quranic comma, the issue of the decisive and the ambiguous in the Quran, among other things. The research applied three methods to analyze and discuss these views of Al-Nili, and the study came out with several results, including: that the roots of Al-Nili’s views are found in various sciences related to modern linguistics, Western philosophy, and Arab modernity, so they are nothing more than a selective thought, but Al-Nili was able to formulate it in a somewhat systematic way, and that Al-Nili went beyond the mechanisms and controls of renewal in the sciences of the Qur’an, so his views included many contradictions and problems, starting with the incompleteness of his verbal approach, which was based on incomplete induction, and then his various applications, as his treatment of the multiplicity of readings led to the statement of the distortion of the Qur’an, and that his exclusion of the Prophetic Sunnah and his disregard for the reasons for revelation made him stumble in controlling the meanings of words in the Qur’an, and that his rejection of the grammatical and morphological rules and the methods of the Arabs made him burden himself with interpreting the meanings of the Qur’an’s vocabulary, and calling for the establishment of a Qur’anic grammar science, disconnected from the speech of the Arabs in a way that made him fall into the contradictions that other interpreters were described with.

This study aims to highlight the importance of addressing psychological disorders that affect a Muslim's life in both academic and practical domains by exploring their causes and solutions derived from Quranic texts. The study focuses on analyzing these disorders and offering solutions based on the interpretation provided in "Rasail Al-Noor" by Sheikh Bediuzzaman Said Nursi, emphasizing the role of faith in Allah as a fundamental factor in enhancing mental health and addressing these disorders. The study points out that faith in Allah provides tranquility and hope, contributing to reflection and contemplation, which enhances self-understanding and helps in overcoming psychological stress. The research employed an inductive method to examine details related to the topic within Nursi's writings to arrive at general principles regarding the handling and treatment of psychological disorders. Additionally, it utilized an analytical approach to discuss, evaluate, and classify the collected information to derive specific conclusions about psychological disorders. The study yielded significant findings, including that psychological disorders are conditions affecting thought, feeling, emotion, and behavior, which impede functional and social performance. It also revealed that Nursi emphasized the role of positive social relationships and the revival of cooperation and mutual assistance as crucial for improving mental health and reducing feelings of loneliness. Moreover, the study, relying on Nursi's works, underscored the necessity of employing prayer and remembrance of Allah as an effective means to alleviate psychological stress, as it allows individuals to express their feelings and aspirations and seek divine assistance, thereby contributing to the development of a psychologically healthy and balanced community.

The study examined and analyzed the story of Adam )peace be upon him( in regards the inimitable Quranic eloquence of the story’s verses. The researcher analysed the holy verses; the ambiguous and unambiguous ones alike and uncovered their oratory, rhetorical, and connotative treasures .He then addressed the actual dimensions found in the story. The importance of the research lies in revealing the substantiations of the inimitability of the Noble Qu’ran in the story of Adam .The study, in addition, exposes the significant content for the benefit of man in guiding his activity appropriately towards erection on earth. The study adopted the inductive approach in collecting the verses of the story, including the commentary texts; and then, the study utilized the analytical approach to construe the rhetorical connotations and actual dimensions. Most importantly, the study has revealed that the Quranic expressive style in the story of Adam was at its apogee in terms of rhetoric and eloquence; a letter in its verses is inimitable in its position as none other can replace it in the cohesion of the word; as is the word with the sentence, the sentence in regards the verse and the verse in the chapter. The story also reveals that its verses hold a myriad of rhetorical treasures, whereby the exemplifications take into account the context, and the connotations of diversity in the rhetoric variety such as anastrophe, nominal and verbal sentences, mention and deletion, non-figurativeness and trope. The story acts, in addition, as a road map for man with actual dimensions, deemed a guide to man in his journey to the Most Gracious (Allah al-Rahman).

This research aims to address problematic hadiths related to the Children of Israel within the contexts of creed (ʿaqidah) and worship (ʿibadat), with particular focus on their practical implications for interactions with non-Muslims. It also seeks to clarify the ambiguity surrounding the term "Children of Israel" and to explore its conceptual relationship with the legacy of Prophetic traditions. The study adopts an inductive approach to collect and classify relevant hadiths that may be deemed problematic. It further applies the methodology of hadith scholars (muḥaddithūn) to authenticate these narrations, tracing them back to their original sources and evaluating their levels of authenticity. In addition, historical and analytical methods are employed to formulate key questions and categorise responses, to develop a comprehensive and reasoned interpretation of the hadiths under study. The findings are systematically organised to promote sound understanding and offer well-supported solutions based on textual evidence. The study underscores the significance of problematic hadiths as a field of inquiry that can be approached across various disciplines, provided that each field applies appropriate methodological frameworks. It also highlights the contributions of both early and contemporary scholars—hadith specialists and others—whose discussions on such narrations, though valuable, often remain scattered and uncollected in a unified, systematic body of work. The research identifies nearly one hundred problematic hadiths related to the Children of Israel, encompassing areas of creed, worship, and social transactions. Notable examples include the hadith: “Every child is born in a state of fiṭrah (natural disposition), until his parents make him a Jew or a Christian,” contrasted with another hadith stating: “The wretched one is he who was decreed to be wretched while in his mother’s womb, and the happy one is he who was decreed to be happy while in his mother’s womb.” In addition to over twenty other hadiths, these examples serve to support the study’s reasoning and interpretation. The research concludes with a compilation of interpretative approaches and solutions presented across approximately twenty-five thematic discussions, covering over thirty specific issues. These discussions aim to link the meanings of these hadiths to their contemporary applications, thereby offering a deeper and more precise understanding of this vital dimension of the Prophetic tradition; and strengthening its applicability to the realities of peaceful co-existence in today’s world.

Ustaz Delawar Hossain Sayeedi spent valuable efforts to spread and preach Islam and the Holy Qur’an in various ways. He is well-known among Muslims and non-Muslims all over the world, especially in Bangladesh as a Mufassir al-Qur’an (Commentator of the Holy Qur’an). He has delivered Tafsir in many gatherings of innumerable masses, seminars and symposiums are arranged in different places in and out of the country. Thousands of people who attended his Tafsir programmes listen to his Qur’anic commentary to get good advice to implement in their everyday life. His Qur’anic commentaries are collected and preserved in CDs, VCDs and DVDs etc. He has written a few volumes of commentaries on some suras of the Qur’an. In this research, the researcher examines his written commentaries using three methods: descriptive, analytical and critical. This research contains references from the books of Ustaz Sayeedi and others related to it. His Tafsir is considered as very dynamic, social and reforming written in Bengali language. In this study, the researcher briefly describes his life and the methodology in this tafsir. Actually, Sayeedi followed two types of tafsir: al-Mathur and al-Rai’. The unique characteristic of his tafsir is being Tafsir al-Mawdui’. Firstly he identified verses or suras and translated them in Bengali. He labeled the main points of discussion with headlines in Bengali, explained according to the method of Tafsir al-Mawdui’ and described the verses/suras followed by a summary of the verses. He also mentioned Ahadith (Prophetic Traditions) related to the subject. Sometimes he mentioned the historical events related to it. His Qur'anic commentary is understandable for people of all levels and people also understand his verbal commentary of the Qur’an whether educated or non-educated. It is mentioned that his verbal tafsir has a great impact on the minds of people who understand and practices them. He discussed the issues related to modern sciences that are mentioned in the Holy Qur’an in order to manifest the wisdom of the Almighty Allah as well as the miracle of the Prophet S.A.W. and the Holy Qur’an. To sum up, this tafsir can be considered as a Tafsir Haraki (dynamic Tafsir), Ijtimai’ (social) and Islahi (reforming) as it conbines modern thinking with heritage Tafsir. It contributes a lot to the reformation of society and to establishing in men, tranquility and peace.

This research aims to introduce the Imam Yusuf (Cheng KeLi) and the study of his book "Talking Book" in an analytical study. The researcher used the following approaches: historical descriptive approach in order to display historical information concerning the life of the author and his book "Talking Book". The inductive method used to tracking the subject of the message and gather information. The analytical method demonstrates the approach of Imam Yusuf in the translation of the book "Crown". The researcher first exposed the statement by Imam Yusuf about the circumstances of his time, explaining their influence, and his personal life and scientific life, and describes his book and its place among the books that translated Al-hadith, with an indication of the approach taken by the translation and explanation. The most important areas in the book "Talking book" are given together with examples. In conclusion, the researcher mentions the most important findings with some of the recommendations, and the results of the study are summarized in two important points: First, that Imam Yusuf was not only an Imam, he was also a scientist, thinker, Zahid and Shahid. Second: This book is unique, benefitting all sections of jurisprudence. There has never in the history of China's translation a comprehensive book with explanation of the Sunnah, the collection of all Fiqh before this book; that the efforts that preceded it about talking books was take care by the translation of the words chosen talk with a little, and did not explain Al-hadith and shed light on their meanings.

This study aims to review the role of the political interpretation of the Quran in addressing contemporary issues, focusing on Al-Maraghi's interpretation. The identified issues include political authority, Westernization, and national defense development. To achieve the study's goal, the researcher employed the inductive method, attempting to trace all that has been written on the research topic and collecting data from various sources, including Al-Maraghi's interpretation, Quranic sciences, diverse commentaries, and political literature. The analytical method was then used to discuss the gathered information. The study revealed that Al-Maraghi significantly addressed the issue of political authority and its relation to the Egyptian situation. Additionally, it highlighted his interest in the issue of Westernization, along with his treatment of the national defense development issue. The study concluded that Al-Maraghi's focus on these issues was a natural result of the continued English occupation of Egypt and its management of many of its political affairs. This led him to emphasize the concept of political interpretation of the Quran. Furthermore, the study pointed out the scholarly background of Al-Maraghi's family, particularly in the field of judiciary, establishing direct connections with Egyptian authorities. Thus, AlMaraghi's political interpretation of the Quran was closely aligned with Egyptian reality. The study also revealed that Al-Maraghi's political interpretation does not imply distortion but rather signifies the Quran's comprehensive engagement with political issues. Additionally, it highlighted the active involvement of interpreters in addressing societal issues guided by the Quran in the Egyptian context.

This research focuses on investigating the concepts of Tawhid (monotheism) and Fiṭrah (innate nature) in the thoughts of Ismail Raji al-Faruqi and Syed Muhammad Naqib al-Attas. The scholars offer a unique and comprehensive perspective on Tawhid within the framework of Islamic thought, science, and epistemology. Al-Faruqi considers Tawhid to be the fundamental pillar for any reformative program in any field, deriving from an all-encompassing and integrated worldview. He also believes that Fiṭrah is a crucial element in the study of religions, viewing transcendental religion as inherently human, asserting that humans are naturally innocent. Professor Syed Muhammad Naqib al-Attas, on the other hand, integrates the principles of Fitrah into life, particularly in education, emphasising the importance of teaching students innate moral and human values. For al-Attas, religion is a return to one's sound Fitrah, and civilisation reflects the development of morals and culture in human society, achieving complete human identity based on values and ethics governed by religion, thus contributing to the construction of just and advanced societies. The research employed the inductive method to gather data from primary and secondary sources. It used comparative analytical method to study the data related to al-Faruqi's and al-Attas's thoughts on Tawhīd and Fiṭrah. The research concluded with several significant findings, including that al-Faruqi studied the Qur'an through three main dimensions: imaginaries, ethics, and aesthetics, which are foundational for studying of religion and philosophy. In contrast, al-Attas sought to understand the Qur'anic texts through various disciplines and studies, forming a process of interpretation from multiple scientific frameworks, including philosophy, Sufism, language, and metaphysics, which he calls the concept of Metalinguistic interpretation. The research recommends conducting systematic comparative studies between the thoughts of Ismail Raji al-Faruqi and Syed Muhammad Naqib al-Attās to deepen understanding and broaden horizons in this field.

This study dealt with the methodology of understanding the verses of promise and threat and their effects on the behavior of the addressees, through studying them in the context in which they were received to reach the intended meaning and purpose of their receipt. The study also clarified that the failure to implement the context in understanding the verses of promise and threat leads to a deviation in their understanding and the scourges that this causes, which I explained in detail in the research. The study was completed in five chapters, the first chapter dealt with: the research plan and its general structure, and the second chapter clarified: the definition of the meaning of the context, the conditions for its implementation, and the importance of its significance. The second chapter came in three sections, in which I defined the signs of promise and threat, then highlighted the role of context in revealing the meanings of the signs of promise and threat, and concluded the topic with the most important effects of neglecting context in understanding the signs of promise and threat. The fourth chapter fell into three sections, through which the most prominent Islamic groups dealt with the texts of the verses of promise and threat, and then discussed those statements, indicating the extent to which they contradict the Qur'anic context and the purposes of the Qur'an. The fifth and final chapter came to show the effect of the verses of promise and promise in the Glorious Qur'an, within three sections. In the first section, the role of context in revealing the significance of intimidation and fear of the verses of promise and threat was explained, and in the second section, the role of context in revealing the significance of enticement and hope, and the third section, the role of context in revealing the significance of advocacy to non-Muslims in the verses of promise and threat. The researcher relied on several approaches to reach the goal of this study within the limits of the study, which was to clarify the methodology of understanding the verses of promise and threat, according to the Qur'anic context in which they were mentioned, and then analyze those inferred meanings and monitor their repercussions on the behavior of the addressees. The researcher reached a set of results, the most important of which is that the verses of promise and threat can only be understood through their context, and that any attempt to understand them away from their context loses their spirit and invalidates their interpretation, and one side prevails over the other, so the balance tends towards excessive or negligence. The researcher concluded with a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: directing researcher to take into account the Quranic context of the verses of promise and threat, and complete abstraction from the beliefs and preconceptions of the topics of the Holy Quran. The Quran is cited for the validity of beliefs, and it is a ruler, not ruled. What the context denied is falsehood.

ABSTRACT This study deals with the psychological and behavioral traits in the story of Moses, peace be upon him, in Surat Al-Qasas and ways to benefit from them, by presenting his psychological traits, such as chastity, compassion, and wisdom, then the behavioral traits, such as cooperation, honesty, and strength. The importance of the study appears in understanding the psychological aspects of the characters mentioned in the Qur’an. The most prominent and most mentioned of these characters in the Qur’an is the Prophet of Allah, Moses, peace be upon him. The research took the descriptive, inductive approach in order to look at the books of Tafseer( The holy Quran interpretations) and the Prophet’s Hadith and trace all the texts related to the story of Moses, peace be upon him, then the analytical approach in understanding and interpreting those texts and discussing them, then trying to link them to reality. The researcher has reached to a number of results, the most important of which are that psychological traits, whether genetic or acquired, only appear through behavior by mixing people with each other, and that patience is the head of the traits and another result. The research also concluded with a number of recommendations, the most prominent of which are: the necessity of returning to the Holy Qur’an to study the behavior of the characters of the prophets mentioned in it and to take them as role models.

This study aims to explore Ibn al-Kayyal and Jasim al-Eisawi’s approaches to discussing the biographies of the al-Mukhtalitin (unreliable) among trustworthy narrators in al-Sahihayn and their methods of explaining the narrations of al- Mukhtalitin. A comparative study on their approaches will then be conducted. Among the important aspects observed in this study are the methodologies used by the two authors in mentioning the information related to the narrators, the methods used to compile the names of teachers and students of the narrators, and quotations from Islamic scholars regarding the narrators. This study consists of three main chapters. In the first chapter, the researcher explains the biographies of the two authors by detailing their life histories, their educational backgrounds and introducing the books analysed in this study, al-Kawakib al-Nayyirat and Marwiyat al-Mukhtalitin fi al-Sahihayn. In the second chapter, the researcher discussed the introduction to the issue of al-Ikhtilat among trustworthy narrators by discussing the definitions of al-Ikhtilat in terms of language and terminology, the causes for the occurrence of al-Ikhtilat among hadith narrators, and rulings on narrating the hadith of al-Mukhtalit. In the third chapter, the researcher compared the approach of Ibn al-Kayyal and Jasim al-Eisawi in explaining the biographies of al-Mukhtalitin, their narrations, and the advantages and disadvantages found in their methodology. The results of the study reveal a clear difference between the two approaches in explaining these matters which is the difference in the information contained in each narrator's biography and the information related to their narrations in al-Sahihayn. The research concludes with a set of findings and recommendations for future studies. The research found that there are 50 narrators of al-Sahihayn who are considered as al-Mukhtalitin by hadith scholars, and Jāsim’s book, Marwiyat al-Mukhtalitin fi al-Sahihayn is better in discussing the biographies of the al-Mukhtalitin narrators and their narrations in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. It is recommended to study other scholars’ approaches in this field of knowledge to find out the best book for discussing the issue of al-Ikhtilat among hadith narrators.

This study aims to explain issues over which Muhammad Abduh and Rashid Rida differ in the field of tafsir (Islamic exegesis). The thesis is entitled the Issues over which Rashid Rida Differs with his own teacher, Muhammad Abduh in Tafsir Al-Manar: An Analytical and Critical Study. This study investigates in a practical way the method followed by the two sheikhs in Tafsir Al-Manar. Investigating the differing issues between the two sheikhs during their lives gives a clear picture of their approach. This study includes four chapters and a conclusion with special focus on the approach used by the two sheikhs, first in laying out the foundation to deal with the issues of disagreement in the field of Tafsir and the sciences of Quran, second in explaining different issues they disagree on by setting a systematic comparison in order to identify the points of agreement and disagreement between the two. The study also includes the historical backgrounds of the two sheikhs and the methods they use in the field of Tafsir. It also deals with their views on Islamic doctrine and jurisprudence. Likewise, the study discusses their views on revival, their outcry for reform, and their role in advocating for renaissance of the ummah. The study captures how the two sheikhs dealt and interacted with the pressing issues that the Muslim world was faced by during their lives. The researcher uses inductive method to explain the methods employed by Rashid Rida to criticise his teacher, the Grand Imam on the interpretation of some verses. Similarly, the researcher uses analytical approach to find out the rationale behind the disagreement that occurred between the teacher and his disciple, and to come to a scientific finding that defines the method of the two sheikhs and the issues over which they differ. The research concludes that the method employed by Muhammad Abduh and his disciple depends chiefly on reason, which led them to go against some sharia-based concepts .

The topic of social skills has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its paramount importance in the lives of individuals and communities. These skills facilitate positive interaction and active participation in various activities, contributing to the formation and development of human personality with all its characteristics, emotions, tendencies, and reactions. Consequently, they strengthen communities and aid in achieving their goals and coherence. This study aimed to elucidate the role of social skills in shaping human personality, identifying the distinguishing characteristics and attributes that contribute to the progressive civilization of individuals. The researcher adopted an inductive approach, examining the intricacies related to the subject of social skills. Additionally, an analytical methodology was employed to comprehensively review and analyze Quranic texts relevant to the topic. Through the analysis of Quranic characters, the study categorized these skills into communicative, behavioral, and ethical dimensions, as well as those related to one's social function for livelihood. The study yielded significant results, revealing that the character of Solomon exemplified a set of inspirational social skills, including continuous supervision of his subjects, decisiveness, self-confidence, sound decision-making, and diplomatic communication.

This research aims to investigate the etiquette of interacting with the Al-Quran, according to Imam Ghazali, in his book Ihya' Ulumuddin. This research focuses on Al-Amin Islamic Primary School students in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia, and how they interact with the Al-Quran based on the teachings presented in the book. A field study was conducted to understand the practices followed by these students in their interaction with the Al-Quran and to examine their knowledge of the etiquettes explained by Imam Ghazali. The research methodology includes an inductive approach in collecting information related to the subject, especially from the book of "Ihya Ulum al-Din" in the chapter on the etiquette of reciting the Al-Quran. Then, an analytical approach was used to analyze the information regarding the etiquette of dealing with the Al-Quran among Al-Amin Islamic Primary School students in Gombak. Additionally, a field methodology was employed by distributing questionnaires to Al-Amin Islamic Primary School students to understand their etiquette of dealing with the Al-Quran and provide appropriate suggestions. Subsequently, the students' data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). This research provides a deep understanding of the etiquette practices of interacting with the Al-Quran among Al-Amin Islamic Primary School students in Gombak. The implications of this study contribute to the development of the Al-Quran curriculum and teaching in Islamic education. Furthermore, this study has the potential to guide Al-Quran teachers in guiding students to effectively practice the etiquette of interacting with the Al-Quran. ?

This study aims to shed light on the subject of “The Hadiths of Tribulations and Epics in Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim and the position of al-Madrasah al- ‘Aqliyyah: A Critical study. Allah the Almighty has sent Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, with the final Shariah law that holds good for all mankind and made the Qur'an and the Sunnah the source of Law. Both are inspired by the almighty Allah, so both are inseparable. The Sunnah played a great role in upholding the Shariah Laws. If the Qur'anic text is reliable in its interpretation and pluralism in its interpretation, the Sunnah guarantees safety and the guarantor of uprightness. The Almighty Allah has restricted mankind to preserve the noble Sunnah of the prophet Muhammad S.A.W. They carried out its divine authority and recited its divine glories. At the forefront of guarding and preserving the Sunnah of the two imams - Al-Bukhari and Muslim and their two Sahihs – they emerged for their scientific status and historical fame. With the emergence of intellectual exploration, Hadith, and Westernization in the 19th century, the modern school of thought appeared with a method that contradicts the method of the hadiths in dealing with the Prophetic Sunnah. Such hadith are related to -“Al-fitan Wal MalahimWaAshrat Al saat”- and the position of the madrasa al-aqliyah from her. The study was therefore aimed at challenging these issues because of the invasion of the modern madrasah for many of the intellectual schools and the attention of the people of the sects towards the holy Sunnah, especially to its most important sources, "Sahih Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim,” which claimed to be against Al-Aql. To achieve the desired research objectives, the researcher adopted the following approaches. Inductive approach: The researcher followed this approach in collecting data and information related to the subject by extrapolating the hadiths of epics and tribulations in the two Sahihs that were criticized by the intellectual exploration school of thought, as well as extrapolating all the suspicions and appeals that the mental school threw these hadiths. In addition, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach by analyzing the suspicions of the mental school towards the hadiths of temptation in the two Sahihs in a correct scientific analysis and describing the dimensions of their appeals quantitatively and qualitatively according to what was proven by the commentators of the hadiths and approved by the distinguished scholars of the nation. As for the historical method, the researcher relied on this approach by tracing the roots of the mental school, its stages of development and its most important flags. The study reached the most important results. The researcher mentioned the number of hadiths criticized by the mental school in the two Sahihs of the chapters of temptation, epics and signs of the hour, as well as aspects of response to them. Moreover, there are controls that must be adhered to with the hadiths of temptation and the signs of the Hour, including limiting themselves to the texts of the Qur'an and the authentic Sunnah, and limiting themselves to the authentic hadiths without the weak, the subject and the false. This study has the potential to guide future researchers.

This study revolves around the challenges of integration faced by the Somali immigrant families and their attempts to preserve the original Islamic identity. The problem of this research lies in the challenges facing the Somali families due to their alienation from the homeland, their inability to keep up with the societal changes occurring in the countries to which they have emigrated, and the constant fear of losing their cultural values and Islamic identity. The researcher used inductive method to gather Quranic verses and hadiths that talk about the concept of family and to highlight the solutions provided by the Holy Quran, noble traditions of the Prophet, and the writings of Somali writers concerning the issues of Somali diaspora. Especially, it takes into account the United Nations’s report on human rights. Additionally, the researcher adopted analytical method to analyze the data related to the topic, and interview method wherein a meeting was arranged between the researcher and respondents. The interview included twenty people of both genders and from both the first generation and second generation immigrants. Thereafter, the results of the interview were analyzed and observations were recorded in order to examine the challenges faced by the Somali diaspora living in Minnesota. The research was concluded with several important results, the most important of which is that the Somali diaspora faces major challenges, including the growing gap between the first generation and their second generation children who grew up in the emigrated countries. This difference arises due to the parents’ insistence on raising their children in the traditional ways in which they were raised, while the second generation is searching for its own identity linked to its new homeland, which it considers an integral part of its existence. The other major challenges are the loss of identity and disintegration of family. Notably, this issue deepens and becomes more prominent with the lack of connection to the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet.

This research aims to shed light on the declaration of polygamy, clarify its objectives in Sharia, and explore the obstacles and consequences related to polygamy in Afghanistan, followed by the identification of solutions considering the Quranic verses and prophetic traditions to overcome contemporary challenges. The research discusses the importance of polygamy and its role in addressing moral, economic, and social issues in Afghanistan. It also contributes to raising awareness among Muslims in general, and Afghans in particular, about the religious impacts of practising polygamy in Afghanistan, demonstrating that polygamy does not constitute oppression of women or a violation of their dignity, nor does it mean that men dominate women to satisfy their desires. Instead, it is, in fact, a right of women in society. The researcher employed the method of inductive, survey-based research in writing this paper, which involved gathering relevant materials, conducting interviews and observations, and analysing the data. The researcher collected data from interviews with professors, specialists, and community members, in addition to a survey conducted among youth regarding polygamy in Afghanistan. The analysis revealed varied opinions, with some considering polygamy permissible according to Islamic law, while experts emphasise the importance of fairness between wives. On the other hand, youth, particularly in urban areas, oppose this practice due to concerns about human rights and equality. The results of the "Salam Watan Dar" survey showed significant opposition from women and youth to polygamy. The research proved that benefiting from religious guidance, by referring to the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Prophet, understanding the status and rights of women, and adhering to the conditions of polygamy in Islam — such as justice between wives in terms of division, accommodation, and fair treatment, as well as the ability to provide financial support — can assist Afghan society in overcoming the crises related to polygamy and the associated social, customary, economic, and moral challenges. Additionally, the research provides evidence to counter the misconceptions propagated by Western institutions. It offers a clear path that ensures the interests of men, women, and society, thus enhancing the success of polygamy in contemporary Afghanistan. Keywords: Polygamy, Afghanistan, Challenges, Quran, Sunnah.

This research aims to study three main issues: First, to define the concept of the variation of expressions, its purpose, and outline its types. Second, to clarify the concept of contemplation (Tafakkur), review its examples, significance, fields, and objectives. Third, to analyse the areas of the variation of expressions in the verses of contemplation and highlight its impact on educating oneself. The significance of the study is found in reviving the term variation in the Quran and highlighting its eloquence, which opens new horizons for contemplating the Quran and understanding its meanings more deeply. Thus, it positively affects individuals, strengthens social cohesion, and deepens the connection with the Quran. This study was conducted using two methodologies: the inductive and analytical methods. The inductive method involved gathering materials related to the variation of expressions and collecting texts that deal with the concept of contemplation in the Quran. The analytical method was employed to study the collected information regarding the variation of expressions in the contemplation verses, analyse the variation aspects of these verses, and identify outcomes that help Muslims in self-education. The research reached several conclusions, including the understanding of variation in the Quran, which encompasses clarification, explanation, repetition, variety, and diversification. Its objectives include enhancing understanding, remembrance, devotion, and repentance. 2. The importance of contemplation lies in God’s honouring of humankind above all other creations, where contemplation is considered the light of faith and one of the best deeds. It is the cornerstone of building and advancing civilisation. 3. Understanding the various elements in the contemplation verses helps nurture preachers following a practical method for calling others to God. Through comprehending these elements in the Quran, multiple strategies can be developed to enhance the effectiveness of da’wah (inviting others to Islam). The study concluded with several recommendations.

This research highlights the efforts of the State of Qatar over half a century in serving the Qur’an, by addressing the issue of neglecting the Qur’anic inheritance in our time. It shows that the efforts made have gone through various stages without documentation and development. In our era, the death of scholars and reciters has increased, leading to losing their experiences and expertise without recording their memories. The research also addresses the issue of the weak documentation of Qatar's efforts in serving the Qur’an, and the delay in evaluating and assessing these efforts, while other countries have begun documenting them for over two decades. These efforts are presented in six chapters. The first chapter outlines the research plan and its general structure. The second chapter explains the concept of efforts to serve the Qur’an both linguistically and terminologically, its importance and teaching, its impact on individuals and society, and the stages of development of the writing of the Qur’an, its exegesis, and Qur’anic sciences. It also introduces the State of Qatar, its origination, and its political, social, economic and educational situation. The third chapter highlights the efforts of the religious institution in serving the Qur’an through memorization centers and women’s centers concerned with teaching the Qur’an, the emergence and printing of the Qatar Qur’an, Qur’anic competitions organized by the Ministry of Endowments and Islamic Affairs, and Qur’an publications provided by various religious institutions. Chapter four clarifies the role of educational institutions, including the Ministry of Education, the Religious Institute School, the College of Sharia at Qatar University, and various educational libraries in the field of the Quran. Chapter five examines the role of societal institutions, such as media, youth, cultural, charitable, educational, and military institutions. Finally, chapter six demonstrates the role of individuals in serving the Qur’an, including scholars and reciters. The research is limited to specific boundaries: geographically, it focuses on the State of Qatar and its inhabitants. Temporally, it covers the period from 1971 to 2021. Intellectually, it is confined to Qur’anic efforts. The research employs the inductive and comparative approaches and personal interviews. The researcher reached several results, the most notable of which is the abundance of audio, visual and written Qur’anic content in Qatar. One of the key recommendations is the necessity of establishing a dedicated department for the Qur’an and its sciences under the religious institution, to be responsible for all Quranic activities in Qatar, whether through implementation, oversight, or partnership.

This research aims to focus on the discussion between the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the polytheists as depicted in Surat Al-An’am. The researcher used an inductive approach by collecting information from both classical and contemporary sources related to this subject. The analytical method was also used to analyze the content related to the subject from various sources and references. This study highlights the discussion between the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the polytheists in this Surah. This discussion views the belief and legislation aspects as well as acts of worship. These aspects have a significant effect in preparing the Dai’yah morally, enhancing his belief and educating him in Fiqh so he can become a strong and smart conversationalist which is one of the highest objectives of Islamic Da’wah. This discussion also focuses on the methods that the Prophet (peace be upon him) used in his discussion with the polytheists. These methods were divided into verbal and practical methods. The verbal methods include the speaking ways that are used by the Dai’yah in his Da’wah which include wisdom, good advice, invitation and intimidation, stories, teaching and stating. Whereas the practical method means the way of Da’wah by acts and behaviours including viewing and meditating upon the signs in the universe, disputes, gradation and intellectual argumentation to prove monotheism. Furthermore, this research views various properties and characteristics like intellectual, spiritual, and behavioural that every Muslim Dai’yah shoul have.