Browsing by Department "Islamic Revealed Knowledge - Department of Arabic Language and Literature"

This study aims to highlight the relationship between translation and interpretation and to show the effects of specific doctrinal interpretation in translating the Quran into Malay language, as well as to reveal the impact of specific jurisprudential interpretation in translating the Quran into Malay. On another note, it aims to present the translators' choices of homonym words. To achieve these goals, an inductive approach was employed, where the researcher gathered information from relevant books and studies, followed by a descriptive method to describe the effects of translators' differences when dealing with specific theological and jurisprudential interpretations, alongside their approaches to homonym words. Furthermore, the researcher employed an analytical approach where 90 instances of the three types of Quranic verses were examined: similar verses, verses of legislation, and verses of homonym. Next, the researcher relied on a comparative method in studying these differences in the Malay translations; "Hidayat al-Rahman" by Abdullah Basmeih, "The Quran and its translation into Indonesian," and "Translation of the Quran into Malay" by Mahmud Yunus. The study concluded several results: Firstly, translation and interpretation are essentially the same, as the translation process involves extracting the meaning from the source text, leading to diversity in interpretations among individual translators. Also, translation can represent the original, producing more than one text in agreement. Secondly, the three Malay translators were influenced by the opinions of interpreters in translating ambiguous verses, using various translation methods such as affirmation, delegation, and interpretation, which can result in different final translations. Thirdly, a specific jurisprudential interpretation may influence the choice of translation for words into Malay. The difference may occur due to the translators' inclinations to choose a specific jurisprudential interpretation in the target community's context when dealing with verses of rulings. Fourthly, the selection of one of the meanings from the homonym words may impact the process of translating the Quran into the target language, where translators choose words or meanings that align with a specific interpretation. Thus, the selected meanings for translating Quranic vocabulary may be influenced by a specific interpretation or random choices without relying on a specific interpretation.

Text linguistics focuses on the study of language, specifically analysing texts as significant linguistic units, alongside examining other elements, with particular emphasis on textual coherence. The researcher decided to solve the problem; where the research questions are represented in defining text linguistics and its objectives, exploring cohesion and coherence concepts along with their methodologies, distinguishing between these concepts, assessing their impact on text consistency, analysing how specific tools contribute to maintaining consistency in the hadith of the Prophet in the book of Riyad as-Salihin, and evaluating the cohesion and coherence of the hadith within the text. This study used descriptive analytical and the semantic approach by collecting and analyzing data related to this study. This study reached important results, including: reference is considered one of the most important tools that prove the textual cohesion in the hadiths of Riyad as-Salihin and it appeared clearly in the hadith from the results of the analysis. Substitution and ellipsis are among the important tools of cohesion in the construction of the text, it has been found in the hadith and had an impact in understanding the prophetic text. Both past and modern scholars are also concerned with it and it had a great role in clarifying the meaning and resolve the confusion with regard to ambiguity in the texts especially when the word or sentence have more than one meaning. Besides, as-Siyaq can be found in the hadith and it has an impact on understanding the prophetic text. Other than that, at-Taghrid embodies the entire text unit and it applies to the hadiths in the book Riyad as-Salihin. Lastly is the Ijmal and Tafsil, al-Umum and al-Khusus tool also have been found in the hadiths analysed.

This study, titled "The Semantic Dimensions of Interrogative Structures with Hamzat al-Istifhām Combined with Hamzat al-Qaṭ‘ in the Holy Qur’an: A Descriptive Study," aims to explain the concept of Istifham (questioning) using Hamzat al-Istifham in the Holy Qur’an. It explores the views of early and late linguists and language scholars on the meanings of Hamzat al-Istifham, as well as the concept of meaning and its types in grammar and syntax according to these scholars. This research also examines the characteristics of Hamzat al-Istifham in the Holy Qur’an, referencing selected verses from Mohammed Abdulkhaliq Adhimah's book "Dirasaat li Uslub al-Qur’an al- Kareem." The verses are categorised under the theme of Hamzat al-Istifham, with the first Hamzat al-Qat (Hamzah, regardless of its position in the word) marked with Fathah and the second Hamzah marked with Kasrah. Additionally, Hamzat al-Istifham with two Hamzat al-Qat marked with Fathah were also analysed, totalling 50 verses. The researcher provides examples for each type of Hamzah, adopting a descriptive and analytical method to trace the semantic themes of Hamzat al-Istifham and its relevance to modern Arabic linguistic studies. This research delves into various books of Tafseer, I`rab (Parsing), and Qira’aat to demonstrate the diverse meanings conveyed by Hamzat al-Istifham, including confirmation, negation, and command. It highlights the suitability of these meanings within the Qur’anic context where Hamzat al-Istifham is used. Key findings indicate a strong correlation between the meanings conveyed by Hamzat al-Istifham and the analyses from different sources, emphasising its role as an example of linguistic economy. This study also underscores the evolution of meaning over time and the significance of scholars' contributions in this regard.

The phenomenon of linguistic fossilisation in the interlanguage occurs among most language learners and it appears in common and repetitive linguistic errors of advanced students. This study aims to discover the types of grammatical errors and the types of grammatical fossilisation in individual written assignments and the Final Year Projects (FYP) among final year Arabic language students in International Islamic University Malaysia, and to find out their point of view on grammatical fossilisation and their awareness of this phenomenon. This research is based on the content analysis approach using a qualitative research method with document analysis and semi-structured interviews as a data collection tool. The participating students are Malay Arabic language students who are in the final year of their bachelor’s degree at International Islamic University Malaysia in Semester 1 2022/2023. The results of the study demonstrated that there are 9 types of grammatical errors presented in the writing of the participants, which consist of 31 types of grammatical errors patterns overall; 15 of them are permanent fossilized grammatical errors, and the remaining 16 patterns are temporary fossilised grammatical errors. The results of this study indicated that there are four aspects of the reasons for the occurrence of grammatical fossilisation in the students’ point of view, which are psychological factors, educational factors, social factors, and linguistic factors, which contain 15 sections of reasons in total. This study benefits Arabic learners and teachers to raise their awareness about the phenomenon of grammatical fossilisation.

Interlanguage is a natural phenomenon among second-language learners. Through interlanguage, incorrect linguistic elements as well as errors can be improved into correct linguistic elements. This study aimed to discover the types of positive and negative interlanguage in the use of Masdar in writing among Arabic language students at International Islamic University Malaysia, particularly how using the Masdar affects students’ interlanguage processes in writing. This study utilised the qualitative research method, using document analysis of students’ writing and semi-structured interviews as the main data collection methods. The study’s sample was Arabic Language students in the second and third year of their bachelor’s degree during Semester I 2023/2024. The study found that the types of positive interlanguage in the use of Masdar in the student’s writing among Arabic language students exceeds the types of negative interlanguage in the use of Masdar in their writing. The types of positive interlanguage in the use of Masdar reached fifty-two patterns, while the types of negative interlanguage in the use of Masdar were twenty-four patterns. The findings indicate that three interlanguage processes influenced students’ writing when using the correct form of Masdar: language transfer, transfer of training, and second-language learning strategies. On the other hand, the interlanguage processes that affected them while using the wrong form of Masdar in their writing included all the aforementioned processes, with an added element of overgeneralization. The study concluded with several recommendations to improve the use of Masdar in writing, particularly among Arabic Language students

The research aims to investigate the level of autonomous learning and vocabulary learning strategies employed by learners of the Arabic language subject (DTU 2022) at Kolej Universiti Islam Perlis (KUIPs), as well as their vocabulary knowledge. This research then discusses the relationship between these three research variables: autonomous learning, vocabulary learning strategies, and vocabulary knowledge, including the role of vocabulary learning strategies as a mediating variable in the relationship between autonomous learning and vocabulary knowledge. The research sample is 144 diploma-level students who are studying the Arabic language subject (DTU 2022). Three research tools were used to collect data which consisted of a questionnaire for autonomous learning, a questionnaire for vocabulary learning strategies, and an Arabic Vocabulary Diagnostic Assessment (AVDA). The data were analysed using SPSS to perform descriptive analysis, followed by partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the research hypotheses. The results of the research concluded that learners of the Arabic language subject (DTU 2022) employ autonomous learning and vocabulary learning strategies to a high degree. However, their vocabulary knowledge is at an intermediate level. The results also showed a significant relationship between autonomous learning and vocabulary learning strategies. However, there is no relationship between (1) autonomous learning and vocabulary knowledge, (2) vocabulary learning strategies and vocabulary knowledge, and (3) autonomous learning and vocabulary knowledge mediated by vocabulary learning strategies. This research provides valuable insight into creating student-centered learning in Arabic through the use of autonomous learning and vocabulary learning strategies among these learners.

This research attempts to use the concepts underlying the theory of pragmatics through its theoretical mechanisms and elements to analyse the Quranic narrative discourse and to reveal its objectives and aims that underlie it to influence the addressee or the recipient. To achieve its aim, this research explains the key concepts in pragmatics that constitute it. These concepts, represented by its elements, are: deictics, linguistic paradox, prior assumption, verbal event, and dialogic obligation. It also explains the Quranic narrative text's discourse-based characteristics that affect interpretation. The research uses the descriptive statistical approach for data collection, for definitions related to the subject at hand by way of description, and for delineating and choosing the Quranic verses that contain the story of Ibrahim and that of Yusuf [May peace be upon them both]. In addition, the research uses an analytical approach to analyse the Quranic texts that contain the story of Ibrahim and Yusuf through pragmatic analysis. Through its methods, the research connects the text with its symbolic or figurative elements that underlie it to reveal the etymology of the text and its impact on the recipient. The research concludes that textual and metaphorical clues and contexts contribute to revealing those latent intents in the discourse, that the concept of dialogical imperative helps to know the hidden meanings of the communicative language in its profound structure, and that the linguistic paradox contributes to revealing the intent of the discourse through the addressee or the recipient’s intention to hide the intended meaning concealed in the utterance. Hence, paradox contains hidden elements, and the extent to which it is essential to use pragmatic concepts in analysing the Qur’anic narrative discourse. Identifying the use of pragmatic mechanisms in analysing the discourse of the Qur’anic stories reveals the profound structure of the text, going beyond the superficial structure indicated by words and sentences, and thus achieving the influential and fulfilling the goal that underlies the discourse. This study opens the door to interpretation in a creative way to understand the hidden meanings of the Qur’anic text and its recurrent wisdom.

This research aims to study the religious speech in Arab poetry and the impact of this speech on the grammatical, morphological, and rhetorical methods. The research focuses on the poetry of Abu Muslims al-Bahlani, who lived in a period of frequent political turmoil and conflict. Al-Bahlani was influential in Omani society by his enthusiastic poetry, which reminded the Omani people of their religion and history. The research highlights the evolution of religious poetic discourse from the pre-Islamic era to the subsequent eras, how poets from the different eras were affected by religious tendency and how this appeared in their poetry, as well as the influential factors that affected the poets' religious tendency. Then, the research studies the impacts on the poet’s influences in his speeches, shedding light on the grammatical, morphological, and rhetorical methods that the poet followed in this speech. The research also discusses the poet’s interest in the figures of speech, how it was handled and directed, and how the poet used different sources to improve these figures to be appropriate for the addressee. The researcher ends the study with a series of conclusions that came to the fact that the poets of different ages were influenced by religious tendency in their poetry, their contribution to enriching Arab poetry with all the details of the life of the Arab individuals, the impact of the religious life of the poet on his poetry; the interest of the poet in religious discourse to influence his addressees; and the influence on the poet by the sources of Islamic legislation (The Holy Quran and the Prophet's Sunnah) in the formulation of his verses. The research also concluded that the poet preserved the pillar of Arab poetry. The poet showed that several poets of various literary ages greatly influenced him. He sometimes followed their footsteps in some of his poems. However, he used his own technique in a group of his poems, which helped spread his poetry and fame. The researcher has used both technical and analytical approaches to address the issues raised in this research, as they are considered most suitable for such studies.

This research examines contextual indication in the affixed verb (Fil al Mazid) in kitab al tafsir of Sahih al Bukhari. It covers sixty seven verbs from thirty three oral Hadis as a sample to discover the role defining contextual circumstances. Since a single verb can express more than one meaning, the direct concern of this is the overlapping of meaning which would be realized on the part of the language user ( or learner) to look beyond the common given meaning. This research depends on analytical and descriptive methods. Finally, the study shows that the meaning before sentence composition relatively returns to a context and requirement, namely the meaning of the verb in the sentence goes back to the complete text until the situation and circumstances of the text mentioned is known. Otherwise it returns to what comes before or after what is suitable of the sentences. Because these meaning overlap, and some meaning mentioned by morphologists for certain verb forms might entail the need to examine the contexts within the present time as well as its classical form, none of those meaning are limited, nor do they return to usage meaning steadiness' and prevailing usage only; according to morphologists' statement that verb compounds probably comes to another unmentioned meanings.

The Islamic world, subjected to foreign occupation and intellectual invasion, has been significantly influenced by Western ideologies and its literary doctrines such as classicism, romanticism, realism, and others. This influence has resulted in the creation of literary works that often contradict Islamic principles, prioritising mere entertainment over deeper values. As a result, Muslim writers and intellectuals advocate for the development of literature grounded in Islamic principles, which has come to be recognised as 'Islamic Literature' today. Nonetheless, Islamic literary works, particularly those authored by Islamic writers, remain relatively obscure and are not being disseminated as widely as they ought to be. Therefore, based on this issue, this study aims to highlight the contributions of 20 Muslim litterateurs from various countries—both Arab and non-Arab—who have endeavoured to enrich the field of Islamic literature with their noteworthy literary works. This study focuses on four aspects, which are: Their endeavours and contributions to the Islamic literature field; Insights from scholars, writers, critics, and litterateurs regarding their adherence to Islamic principles in their literary works, as well as their poetic prowess; Their involvement in any Islamic literature movements; Any theories on Islamic literature they may have introduced. This study employed: An inductive approach, involving the collection of data related to the theory of Islamic literature and information about the 20 chosen litterateurs; A descriptive method, which entailed the examination of features pertinent to the research topic; and, A critical approach, involving the analysis of the literary works of these 20 Muslim litterateurs to discern the manifestation of Islamic ideas within their content. Among the key findings of this study are: Each of the 20 Muslim litterateurs has exerted effort and made contributions to the field of Islamic literature; The issues addressed by these litterateurs are diverse and vary from one another; Most of these litterateurs have developed their own theoretical perspectives on Islamic literature, albeit briefly. Nonetheless, this study demonstrates that these 20 litterateurs have accomplished remarkable and commendable achievements in the realm of Islamic literature, justifying their recognition as prominent figures in the modern era.

This study examines grammatical issues related to human creation stages in the Holy Quran through a descriptive-analytical approach. It aims to explore and analyse syntactic methods in Quranic verses describing human creation, highlighting their significance in textual understanding and interpretation. The researcher collected relevant verses and conducted grammatical analysis using authoritative exegeses and linguistic references. Key findings include: (1) diverse grammatical styles underscore the Quran's linguistic inimitability; (2) understanding grammatical issues is crucial for verse interpretation and comprehension of profound implications; (3) a close relationship exists between grammatical issues, doctrinal aspects, and educational dimensions; (4) grammatical analysis elucidates precise meanings and highlights scientific miracles in the Quran. The study recommends further detailed research on Quranic grammatical issues and their relationship to scientific and faith-related topics. This research contributes to the fields of Quranic studies, Arabic linguistics, and Islamic education by demonstrating the intricate connection between grammar and meaning in the Quranic discourse on human creation.

This study aimed to analyze common words and expressions used by Arab debaters in Arabic language debates, with a focus on identifying the appropriate vocabulary for the themes of the issues raised and the appropriate expressions for the different speaking purposes in Arabic debates. The research relied on a content analysis methodology to examine six videos representing the final rounds of the Arabic-language debate tournaments using Sketch Engine. The substantive analysis methodology was also used to categorize words according to the themes of the issues of politics, economics, socials and classifying expressions according to the speaking purposes specified in the debates. 20249 words were analysed, including 14,774 nouns and 5,475 verbs, in addition to 6,519 expressions. Results showed that 289 nouns were used more than 8 times with an average of 8.14, such as the words “state”, “team”, and “speaker”, while 118 verbs were used 8 times more frequently with an average of 8.40, such as the words “was”, “said” and “did”. Additionally, 29 expresssions has also been identified as a common expression that is used more than 20 times with an average calculation of 20.37, such as the phrases “government team”, “opposition team”, and “great powers”. The research provided lists of nouns and verbs most commonly used on themes of basic issues, such as politics, economics and socials, as well as a list of most appropriate expressions for speech purposes identified in the Arab debates such as defining the issue, building the case, presenting arguments, point of information (POI), rebuttal, and delivering reply speech. These results provide a valuable reference for understanding the linguistic patterns prevailing in the Arabic debates and supporting debaters in improving their linguistic performance.

ABSTRACT This study examines the functional and morphological meanings in Sahih Al-Bukhari. The study tries to establish, through monitoring and classification, control and analysis, the morphological forms and inflections, by studying the forms of nouns, infinitives, abstract adjectives, and types of their forms, adverbs, and the forms of their plurals and affixes. The study consists of five chapters. The first chapter discusses the structure of the study, including its introduction, problem, questions, objectives, importance, the method used in it, and what it reported from previous studies, it also defines its most important terms. As for the second chapter, it was clear to deal with the forms of short vowels beginning with sound /æ/, in a four sections. The fourth chapter deals with the forms of the short vowels sounds started with/I/, and consisted of three sections. The fifth chapter deals with the forms of the short vowels sounds started with sound /?/. The study reached results and recommendations as follows: The reliance of the applicants on the evidence of poetry and the anecdotes of the Arabs in the morphological studies was a reason for not measuring them on some of what came in the Qur'an and the authentic hadith and counting that as anomalous. However, if they had taken them as a source in morphological decency, they would have found anomalies in many of what came in the Arab poetry and anecdotes. Accordingly, if they had relied solely on the Qur'an and hadiths to affirm or deny a form, they wouldn't have been normalized two prefixes before the mentioned vowels. The study recommended continuing to study the morphological meanings in the Prophet's hadiths. Because the hadith explanation did not give these meanings - despite their importance - with great care, in terms of investigating their meanings and the consequent rulings. However, the study of affixes formulas allows researchers to monitor the extra letters, their types, and their positions, and thus the morphological forms and their functional meanings which allow establishing a clear systematic perception of the conjugation. Based on that, judgments can be made that are more comprehensive and accurate than focusing on single characters.

The aim of this study is to analyse the course content of the Arabic Language for Ibadah in the Centre of Languages and Pre-University Development at International Islamic University Malaysia, by describing the course content, analysing the opinions of students and teachers towards that course content from the perception analysis. The researcher implemented an analytical description method in this study by describing the course content of the Arabic Language for Ibadah in terms of its lessons and how it incorporates the topic with Quranic verses, hadiths of Prophets, adhkar, and duʿaʾ or supplications and analysed the students and teachers’ perceptions to find ways to improve the course content. The researcher has distributed the questionnaire to 174 male and female students and interviewed three teachers of the Arabic Language for Ibadah (LQAD 2003) for Semester 1 2022/2023 at the university, in order to analyse the course content from their views. The researcher adopted six content analysis criteria based on the content analysis list of Dr. Rushdi Tuʿaimah's book "Dalīl ʿAmal fī Iʿdad Al-Mawad Al-Taʿlimiyah li-baramij Taʿlim al-ʿArabiyah". Therefore, the researcher prepared a questionnaire consisting of 45 questions that have adopted these six selected criteria which are: output, the four language skills, vocabulary, sentence structures, cultural content, and language exercises. The results revealed that the students have a positive perception on the course content in terms of language skills, vocabulary, grammatical structures, cultural content, and language exercises except for the output aspect. As for the teachers' perception, they also suggested a review of the output and sentence structures aspect. Lastly, the analysis of perceptions has identified several areas for improvement in the course content.

This current study aims to reveal the relationship between literature in the era of the Ya'ariba and the holy Qur'an, and to know the creative methods used by the writers in the era of the Ya'ariba in employing the holy Qur'an in their literature. This research also strive to shed light on the extent to which the writers in the era of the Ya’ariba were inspired by Qur’anic meanings, to clarify the impact of this inspiration on the merits of literature of that era, the ability of literature in its two parts, poetry and prose, to absorb these meanings from the holy Qur’an and employ them in the appropriate place to achieve the meanings required to be communicated, in appropriate method and in an embracing effect. This phenomenon was dealt with by contemporary writers from different points of view, and with various visions, as some studies dealt with the impact of the noble Qur’an on literature from different aspects. In this study, the researcher relied on the analytical descriptive approach to analyse the poetic and prose literary texts, tracing the impact of the holy Qur’an on them, tracing the aspects of the Qur’anic influence on them from the various aspects to achieve the objectives of the study. This study reached several results, the most important of which are: First: It seems that the sources from which the Arabic literature derived its content is clearly influenced by multiple sources, as they vary between the historical heritage, the religious heritage, and the literary heritage. Second: The historical heritage of the Omani literature is an important nerve in terms of providing the opportunity for scholars and writers in general, and for poets in particular, the opportunity to supplement their writing with the landmarks of Omani life in their literary productions. Third: It is noted that the Ya'ariba used Qur'anic terms in their poetic and prose texts, and were directly affected by the Qur'anic meanings. He quotes the words directly from him or quoted the meanings indirectly through the text. Fourth: Religious intertextuality in itself gives the poetic text strength, as it demonstrates and proves, and gives the text majesty and possesses strong authoritarianism, as it imposes its vision through religious visions that have their significance. Fifth: Poetry is affected by the poet's environment and culture of all kinds, the social or religious ills of the Arabs on their poetic literary productions, and this effect was evident through the impact of the holy Qur'an on their poetry.

This study aims to examine potential errors in Ma Jian's translation of the Holy Quran into Mandarin Chinese. By comparing and analysing the original text of the Holy Quran alongside Ma Jian's Chinese translation, the research seeks to identify semantic inaccuracies, cultural discrepancies, and linguistic challenges within the translation. The thesis endeavours to correct these errors by referencing relevant sources and authoritative references, thereby enhancing the accurate comprehension of the Holy Quran among Chinese readers. Adopting a descriptive and analytical approach, the study identifies three primary types of errors in Ma Jian's translation: inaccuracies in wording, unwarranted additions, and logical inconsistencies. These errors adversely affect readers' understanding of the Holy Quran.

The purpose of this study is to identify the error in pronunciation of Emphasis (Tafkhim) and Non-Emphasis (Tarqiq) Arabic sounds among non-native Arabic undergraduate students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). The data from the participants were gathered by recording the participants as they read texts. From the obtained data, the researcher tries to identify the common phonetic errors that are related to Emphasis and Non-Emphasis Arabic sounds. Non-native Arabic students usually face difficulty in pronunciation because the said sounds do not exist in their own mother tongue. There is also serious research attention from experts in the field of study, mainly in practising the Emphasis and Non-Emphasis Arabic sounds in daily conversations. This study was conducted by using inductive and mixed mode methodologies, with the assistance of computer programming. The inductive approach was adopted to collect the sound recordings among the non-native Arabic students from three faculties that specialize in Arabic Language Studies at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). The participants of this study were nine students. The analytical approach focuses on analysing the obtained results in the view of Emphasis (Tafkhim) and Non-Emphasis (Tarqiq) phonological perspectives. Meanwhile, computer programming was used to record sounds by using two types of computer software; Cool Edit Pro 2.1 and Gold Wave V6. The findings of this study have proven that non-native Arabic students have promising capability in pronouncing Emphasis and Non-Emphasis Arabic sounds except in sad, dad, and za sounds. These findings lend new empirical and theoretical support on the capability of non-native Arabic speakers in improving their phonological skills.

Mahmoud Darwish and Ayman Al-Atoum are among the most prominent contemporary Arab poets who have significantly contributed to unveiling the realities of Arab societies through their creative poetry. Their fame has spread across Arab countries, and their poetry has left deep impressions on readers and gardened the attention of critics alike. This research aims to study Mahmoud Darwish and Ayman Al-Atoum, their cultural backgrounds, and their literary contributions within the context of Palestine resistance literature. The methodology used in this research includes deductive and analytical methods to compare the themes of resistance in their selected works. This research examines the similarities and differences between the two poets by evaluating their literary works comprehensively. Initially, the researcher presents the concept of resistance literature as depicted by the two poets, then delves into their lives, cultural influences, and literary contributions. The Palestinian issues reflected in their selected collections are analyzed, followed by a comparative study of these poems. The findings reveal that Mahmoud Darwish grew up amidst the tragedy of his homeland, enduring severe injustice and oppression. Consequently, his resistance literature vividly expresses the emotions and demands of the people from the occupied land. In contrast, Ayman Al-Atoum’s resistance culture began to shape his personality early on, as he was raised in a family deeply rooted in religious culture, leading to his profound interest in the Palestinian cause. The research concludes that the selected poems address various facets of resistance, with shared themes such as love for the homeland, sacrifice, injustice and tyranny, steadfastness, struggle, and hope for freedom. However, there are differences in their treatment of longing, jihad, and their approaches to presenting the theme of hope for freedom.

This study aims to identify students' needs for learning the Arabic language listening skill, and to design an exemplary listening lesson using Edpuzzle, thus assessing the efficiency and impact of using Edpuzzle in teaching the Arabic listening skill. To complete this study, the researcher relied on the developmental analytical descriptive approach with a quasi-experimental design, drawing on the general model of educational instructional design model, ADDIE in the organization and conduct of the whole study through its five stages. In order to achieve the study's objectives, a questionnaire was distributed to 46 students to determine their needs in learning to listen (Analysis), then the design and creation of a model lesson using Edpuzzle (Design and Development), tested and applied to a group of 101 students from the LQAF0823 class in the Quranic Language section (Implementation and Evaluation). Furthermore, the study looks at assessing the compatibility of learning listening in the Arabic language using Edpuzzle with sustainable development goal 4 (Quality Education) and sustainable development goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure). The study concluded with a test to analyse Edpuzzle’s efficiency in learning Arabic listening skill with the three variables: Gender, disciplines, and academic background. An exemplary lesson was designed to review and tailor to students' needs in learning Arabic listening skills. The study found a positive impact on the process of learning listening skills using Edpuzzle. This research revealed that there is no statistically significant difference in the results in terms of the three variables mentioned. Based on the study's findings, the researcher suggested further research focusing on the use of web 2.0 in teaching and learning Arabic. Keywords: EdPuzzle, Listening Skill, Instructional Educational Design Model (ADDIE)

Command and prohibition are among the most important chapters of fundamentals, because the focus of obligation is on orders and prohibitions, so it is necessary to know their rulings, and the consequences of violating them, in order for a Muslim to have insight and knowledge of his religion, to perform what God has enjoined upon him, and to recognize the danger of what the infidels and the people of distortion and ignorance do. This study aims to clarify the command and its meaning for grammarians, rhetoricians, and fundamentalists, and to respond to suspicions and misrepresentations in the meaning of the command. This study is a foundation of origins of how to understand the commands of Allah and His Messenger, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, and it is measured on that to respond to other suspicions about the meaning of the command, and in it the proof of the close link between the sciences of the Arabic language and the sciences of Islamic legitimacy. The researcher also tried to emphasize the reasons for the renewal of Islam, and to respond to the slander of the slanderers, the distortion of the distorters, the innovation of the innovators. and the interpretation of the ignorant through reviving and renewing the sciences of Arabic and the science of fundamentals, especially among the young of the Islamic nation and beginner students of knowledge. The researcher follows the descriptive approach based on induction, and the analytical approach to deconstruct the basic elements of the topics under study, and then study and analyze them in an in-depth manner, In light of this, linguistic and fundamentalist rules are derived through which generalizations can be made that help in solving problems. This study concluded that the origin is in the command of obligation according to rhetoricians, grammarians, and fundamentalists, A distinction must be made between the principle of obligation and the evidence that leads it out of obligation, Because the command may come in the sense of the Sunnah, the threat, the permissibility, and so on, and that the command and the obligation are not limited to the words of imposition and duty, Rather, the formulas of the imperative, the obligation, and the expressions indicating the obligation are many among the grammarians, rhetoricians, and fundamentalists, And that the accused, the deviants, the ignorant, and those with suspicion interpret the Qur’an and Sunnah with interpretations that contradict what God and His Messenger, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, wanted, And they violate the principles and rules of grammar and the technical meanings and principles, and they confuse principles and rules in the significance of the matter