Razzaq, MunazzaMunazzaRazzaq2025-10-092025-10-092025https://studentrepo.iium.edu.my/handle/123456789/33310This study examines the rights and protections available under the legal framework for the welfare and security of orphans in Pakistan, focusing on aspects such as education, healthcare, religion, and inheritance. The insistence to investigate this subject stem from the growing number of orphaned children in Pakistan and the critical need to ensure their survival, development, and dignity within society. Orphans represent one of the most vulnerable groups, often lacking family support, economic stability, and social recognition, which makes legal protection essential for safeguarding their fundamental rights. The research argues that the current legal framework in Pakistan is inadequate for ensuring the protection and welfare of orphaned children. It highlights that existing laws and policies fail to effectively address their specific needs due to significant legal and structural discrepancies. The research methodology encompasses both doctrinal and non-doctrinal approaches. The doctrinal component involves an analysis of relevant legal texts, Islamic principles, statutory frameworks, and international conventions. The non-doctrinal component includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Data was gathered through structured questionnaires administered to orphaned children to assess the real-life challenges they face, and through interviews with officials from government departments responsible for child welfare. Comparative insights from Egypt, Malaysia, and Morocco demonstrate how more structured and inclusive legal frameworks can effectively safeguard the rights of orphans. In light of these findings, the study concludes that immediate legislative, judicial, educational, health and social reforms are necessary to establish a coherent, enforceable, and child- centered framework that recognizes orphans as a vulnerable group and guarantees their fundamental rights, dignity, and long-term well-being.enorphans;Pakistan;Fundamental rightsOrphans -- Law and legislation -- PakistanChildren's rights -- PakistanDoctoral Theses